4-Sack Mix
(approx. 2000–2500 PSI)
Primarily used for general mass concrete, simple footings, and unreinforced walls. It is more economical but has lower structural strength.
5-Sack Mix
(approx. 3000 PSI)
Considered a standard, all-purpose mix. It is commonly used for foundations, footers, and standard home flatwork like sidewalks and driveways
6-Sack Mix
(approx. 4000 PSI)
A high-strength mix designed for heavy-duty driveways, commercial slabs, and areas that experience heavy vehicle traffic or harsh weather.
While contractors still use the “sack” terminology casually, modern ready-mix suppliers specify concrete by its PSI (Pounds per Square Inch) compressive strength. This ensures exact engineering standards are met regardless of local aggregate or chemical additives.
Screed Board/Screed
A rigid, straight-edged tool—typically made of wood, magnesium, or aluminum—used in construction to level and smooth freshly poured materials like concrete, mortar, or sand. It is dragged across the surface in a sawing motion to remove excess material and achieve a perfectly flat grade.
Bull Float
A concrete bull float is a long-handled tool used by masons to level, flatten, and smooth a freshly poured concrete surface before final finishing. It pushes larger, coarse gravel down into the slab while bringing a smooth, “creamy” layer of cement paste to the top.
Hand Float
A concrete hand float is a handheld finishing tool used to level, smooth, and compact freshly poured concrete. By pushing down the heavier aggregate and bringing the “cream” (fines and cement paste) to the top, it prepares the slab for final troweling.
Edger
A concrete edger is a specialized hand tool used by concrete finishers to create smooth, rounded edges on freshly poured concrete slabs, such as sidewalks, driveways, and patios. By compacting the concrete at the perimeter, it helps the slab resist chipping and cracking.
